It’s open enrollment season for many employers. Here are some things to keep in mind as you evaluate your options for 2021.
CNBC.COM
Open enrollment is coming up — here’s what to watch out for
“Love like there's no tomorrow; live like there's no yesterday. We're forgiven; now go love people like we believe it.”
– Bob Goff, author of Love Does
This month, like every month, financial advisors are hard at work helping clients like you stay on track to achieving your financial goals.
Staying focused amidst uncertainty can help you reach your future financial goals.
Low interest rates may be here to stay, but not for all financial products. Read what the Fed changed and how it may impact you.
MARKETWATCH.COM
The Fed has a new approach to inflation: What it means for your savings, credit-card debt — and your mortgage rate
The S&P 500 and NASDAQ have dipped below their 50-day moving averages. For both, these averages and recent highs may pose resistance over the coming weeks, particularly as markets grapple with a bitter election and mixed virus trends. #AmeripriseResearch
It’s a challenging market for homebuyers, but this guide can help you navigate the homebuying process.
AMERIPRISE.COM
5 financials steps for home buyers
Work toward your financial goals with personalized advice you can trust, and online tools to track your progress.
October is National Cyber Security Awareness Month. This month and every month, it’s important to be alert and aware of threats to your investments and personal information.
AMERIPRISE.COM
5 types of fraud to watch out for
Working toward your long-term financial goals starts with making the next right move.
What will the increasing infection rates and the upcoming election bring to the U.S. markets? Ameriprise Chief Market Strategist David Joy shares his perspective.
NEWSROOM.AMERIPRISE.COM
Stocks Delivered Another Week of Gains Despite Mixed Data and Virus Concerns | Ameriprise Newsroom
Americans who receive Social Security benefits will see a 1.3% cost-of-living adjustment in 2021.
CNBC.COM
Social Security cost-of-living adjustment will be 1.3% in 2021
Since the Q2 downturn, U.S. economic recovery has been stronger than anticipated. What’s the trajectory through year-end and into 2021? Chief Economist Russell Price discusses forecasts for employment rates as well as U.S. and global growth trends.
Prospects for a new round of fiscal stimulus have been a key catalyst for increases in the 10- and 30-year Treasury yields since the lows of August. Treasury rallies during equity market sell-offs have contributed to the saw tooth fluctuations. #AmeripriseResearch
In a new Ameriprise videocast, experts share insights on drivers of the economy and capital markets, including COVID-19 developments, corporate profit trends, monetary policy actions and federal policy proposal.
AMERIPRISE.COM
Videocast: Election impacts for investors
Together, we can track your progress and update your strategies as circumstances change. Let's work to keep you moving toward your goals, in any market conditions.
Regularly rebalancing your long-term investments can help keep your risk tolerance and asset allocation aligned and keep you on track to your goals.
Amid rising bond defaults, it can be challenging to find yield for your income goals. Head of Fixed Income Brian Erickson shares potential solutions to discuss, including asset quality, investment segments and weighting.
National Retirement Security Week is a great time to begin planning for your retirement or to update your existing plans. What are you looking forward to in retirement?
Wishing you a safe, fun and spooky Halloween!
Don’t forget to set your clocks back this weekend. What will you do with your extra hour?
After voting for president, there are crucial decisions at the bottom of your ballot that could have big impacts for your finances and community.
TIME.COM
Your Money Is on the Ballot, Too. Here's What to Look for After Casting Your Vote for President
Are you one of the many adults in the “sandwich generation” that have responsibilities for both children and aging parents? Together, we can help you navigate your situation and help you build a balanced portfolio.
Medicare open enrollment runs from Oct. 15 to Dec. 7. These tips can help you choose your coverage and get the most out of open enrollment.
AMERIPRISE.COM
Guide to understanding Medicare open enrollment
Investors are still watching and waiting for any movement on a new stimulus package, according to Ameriprise Chief Market Strategist David Joy.
NEWSROOM.AMERIPRISE.COM
Markets React to Rising Virus Cases and Stimulus Uncertainty | Ameriprise Newsroom
This Veteran’s Day, we express our gratitude to all the men and women who’ve served in the U.S. Armed Forces. Thank you for your service.
Local non-profits depend on our support for the resources they need to serve our neighbors. Together, we can help sustain the good work they do for our community. If you’re interested in learning new ways you can help them, let’s talk. #strengthincommunities
With the presidential race called, investors turn their attention to the runoff Senate elections in Georgia.
NEWSROOM.AMERIPRISE.COM
newsroom.ameriprise.com
The days are getting shorter, which means more driving in the dark. Here’s how to make the roads safer at night.
Keep an eye on the future with financial advice, focused on you.
Learn how we can help you achieve your financial goals, today and tomorrow. Reach out today to schedule your complimentary initial consultation.
This holiday season – like much of this year – is more complex, even financially. How will your holiday shopping be different this year?
REALSIMPLE.COM
5 Ways to Get Your Pandemic Holiday Spending Under Control
Reduce your expenses, focus on your total portfolio, and other tips for boosting retirement income in the era of low interest rates.
KIPLINGER.COM
Boost Your Retirement Income in 3 Steps | Kiplinger
Communication within families goes a long way helping prevent financial concerns. For your will or estate, sharing your plan – even at a high level – with your family can prevent future conflict.
CNBC.COM
What to tell your adult kids when planning your estate
In a new Ameriprise videocast, experts share insights on economic drivers, the stock market, policy implications and year-end tax considerations.
AMERIPRISE.COM
Video: Insights for election and COVID-19 conditions
A greater risk of wildfires means a greater need to prepare for them.
Passing down your financial wisdom can be an enduring gift. What’s one tip you’d share with future generations?
FORBES.COM
Best Ways For Grandparents To Teach Grandkids About Money
Bonds can play an important role for investors who are focused on income rather than growth. But bond values are sensitive to changing interest rates. Let’s talk about ways to protect your retirement income—no matter how rates move.
Investors are looking past the presidential election and toward a future with a safe and effective COVID-19 vaccine, according to Ameriprise Chief Market Strategist David Joy.
NEWSROOM.AMERIPRISE.COM
Markets Overcome Two Significant Hurdles | Ameriprise Newsroom
Working toward your long-term financial goals starts with making the next right move.
“We have different forms assigned to us in the school of life, different gifts imparted. All is not attractive that is good. Iron is useful, though it does not sparkle like the diamond. So different persons have various modes of excellence, and we must have an eye to all.” – William Wilberforce
During the pandemic, small businesses have struggled. They are the lifeblood of our economy and the fabric our our communities.
Let's celebrate Small Business Saturday, (11/28), by sharing some of your favorite small local businesses!
Happy Thanksgiving! While 2020 has been a challenging year, it’s also shown us how much we still have to be grateful for. What are you thankful for?
Could the pandemic affect the retail sector this holiday season? Here are potential impacts to your portfolio and trends to watch for.
AMERIPRISEADVISORS.COM
Find a Financial Advisor who is right for you | Ameriprise Financial
Markets are being buffeted by opposing forces, which are likely to be resolved in the relative near-term, according to Ameriprise Chief Market Strategist David Joy.
NEWSROOM.AMERIPRISE.COM
Markets Facing Three Significant Headwinds | Ameriprise Newsroom
How will you give back this holiday season?
It can be a tough balance to strike – providing for your children while also assisting in their journey to financial independence. Here are some tips on helping them navigate their road to self-sufficiency.
KIPLINGER.COM
How to Not Financially Paralyze Your Children | Kiplinger
Holiday shopping can be a great opportunity to teach children about saving money for gifts and other financial goals.
The Dow Jones Industrial Average closed above 30,000 for the first-time last week. Ameriprise Chief Market Strategist David Joy weighs in on investor’s
NEWSROOM.AMERIPRISE.COM
Investors Look to the Future with Optimism | Ameriprise Newsroom
Running out of money in retirement is a scary prospect – but can be avoided. Here are a few things you can do to help your savings last as long as possible.
USATODAY.COM
More than 40% of Social Security beneficiaries worry they'll outlive their savings. How to avoid that fate
Increases in online shopping usually lead to increases in online fraud attempts. Learn how to protect yourself from scammers this holiday season.
TIME.COM
Holiday Shopping Means Fraud Is on the Rise. Here’s How to Stay Protected
Despite a poor November jobs report, markets ended on a high note last week with anticipation of an upcoming stimulus package.
NEWSROOM.AMERIPRISE.COM
When Bad News Becomes Good News | Ameriprise Newsroom
"Never spend your money before you have earned it." —Thomas Jefferson.
Are your priorities in order when it comes to money management?
Give a gift that can make a difference long into the life of a child – a head start on growing their finances.
MONEY.USNEWS.COM
8 Great Financial Gifts for Kids
The rules for holiday tipping are a little different this year. Who are you adding to your list?
CNBC.COM
'Tis the season: Here's your guide to holiday tipping during the coronavirus pandemic
Negotiations over additional economic stimulus and government funding in the U.S. continue without resolution. Ameriprise Chief Market Strategist David Joy weighs in on investor’s response.
NEWSROOM.AMERIPRISE.COM
Investors Await News on Three Negotiations | Ameriprise Newsroom
Increases in online shopping usually lead to increases in online fraud attempts. Learn how to protect yourself from scammers this holiday season.
TIME.COM
Holiday Shopping Means Fraud Is on the Rise. Here’s How to Stay Protected
Despite a poor November jobs report, markets ended on a high note last week with anticipation of an upcoming stimulus package.
NEWSROOM.AMERIPRISE.COM
When Bad News Becomes Good News | Ameriprise Newsroom
Best wishes for a peaceful holiday season.
Vaccine availability and acceptance may influence outcomes, but economic and market conditions should benefit from increasing business and consumer confidence throughout 2021. #AmeripriseResearch
Based on stabilizing market and economic conditions and favorable monetary and fiscal policies, combined with broadly available vaccines, #AmeripriseResearch believes the opportunity for outsized growth next year is real.
IMAGES.CONTENT.WMPSMKTG.COM
images.content.wmpsmktg.com
What’s your favorite winter activity?
Give a gift that can make a difference long into the life of a child – a head start on growing their finances.
MONEY.USNEWS.COM
8 Great Financial Gifts for Kids
The rules for holiday tipping are a little different this year. Who are you adding to your list?
CNBC.COM
'Tis the season: Here's your guide to holiday tipping during the coronavirus pandemic
While money is an important piece, setting your goals and finding your purpose are key steps toward feeling confident and happy in retirement.
KIPLINGER.COM
Money Can’t Buy Happiness: 4 Secrets to a Happy Retirement | Kiplinger
What are your financial goals for 2021? Together, we can work towards achieving your priorities for this year and beyond.
Wishing you a very Merry Christmas!
Best wishes for a peaceful holiday season.
Vaccine availability and acceptance may influence outcomes, but economic and market conditions should benefit from increasing business and consumer confidence throughout 2021. #AmeripriseResearch
Based on stabilizing market and economic conditions and favorable monetary and fiscal policies, combined with broadly available vaccines, #AmeripriseResearch believes the opportunity for outsized growth next year is real.
IMAGES.CONTENT.WMPSMKTG.COM
images.content.wmpsmktg.com
Happy New Year! So long, 2020.
While money is an important piece, setting your goals and finding your purpose are key steps toward feeling confident and happy in retirement.
KIPLINGER.COM
Money Can’t Buy Happiness: 4 Secrets to a Happy Retirement | Kiplinger
What are your financial goals for 2021? Together, we can work towards achieving your priorities for this year and beyond.
Wishing you a very Merry Christmas!
Best wishes for a peaceful holiday season.
Vaccine availability and acceptance may influence outcomes, but economic and market conditions should benefit from increasing business and consumer confidence throughout 2021. #AmeripriseResearch
The new year can inspire a fresh look at your financial picture. Call or email to schedule time to talk.
AMERIPRISEADVISORS.COM
3 smart actions for the new year
Being organized can save you time and money. What are you doing to get better organized this month?
One of the best ways to teach kids about money is to involve them in financial discussions and decisions. How often do you talk to your kids about money?
AMERIPRISE.COM
Page Not Found
A new year brings new opportunities. While you check progress toward your current goals consider setting new ones, too.
How will the latest stimulus package and pace of vaccine distribution impact the markets? Ameriprise Chief Market Strategist David Joy shares his insights.
NEWSROOM.AMERIPRISE.COM
2021 Economic Growth Depends on the Pace of Vaccine Distribution | Ameriprise Newsroom
What are your wellness goals for the new year?
2020 brought many ups and downs. Have your financial goals changed? Let's review and update them to keep you on track in 2021.
"No person was ever honored for what he received. Honor has been the reward for what he gave." - Calvin Coolidge
Debt, caregiving, and other financial stresses heavily impact Gen Xers, according to recent studies. Together, we can work towards a more confident financial future – no matter what generation you fall in.
FORBES.COM
Why Gen Xers Are Way More Worried About Money Than Boomers
Did you know that if investors missed the 10 best days in the past 20 years their S&P 500 returns would have been cut in half? Let’s connect to discuss investing over the long term.
Stocks have continued to climb since the November elections – but will it last? Ameriprise Chief Market Strategist David Joy explains.
NEWSROOM.AMERIPRISE.COM
What Could Knock This Rally Off Its Tracks? | Ameriprise Newsroom
In retirement, structure and community are things you may be surprised to miss. Here are some tips on finding a sense of purpose and connection in this new phase of life.
MARKETWATCH.COM
You should have a purpose in retirement, too
"I never would have been able to tithe the first million dollars I ever made if I had not tithed my first salary, which was $1.50 per week." - John D. Rockefeller
Markets have reached record highs amid the pandemic, economic dynamics and a leadership transition in Washington. Watch experts discuss the economy, stock valuations, fiscal stimulus and corporate profits.
AMERIPRISE.COM
Research & Insights | Ameriprise Financial
A new president brings plans for additional stimulus and an increase in administered vaccines. Ameriprise Chief Market Strategist David Joy weighs in on investor response.
NEWSROOM.AMERIPRISE.COM
New President; Same Market | Ameriprise Newsroom
Today and every day, we respectfully honor the legacy of Rev. Martin Luther King, Jr.
2020 brought many ups and downs. Have your financial goals changed? Let's review and update them to keep you on track in 2021.
"No person was ever honored for what he received. Honor has been the reward for what he gave." - Calvin Coolidge
Here’s a list of important tax deadlines for 2021. Bookmark this page now to reference this tax season.
AMERIPRISE.COM
Important upcoming retirement account and tax filing dates
Required minimum distributions from retirement accounts were waived for 2020 but resume in 2021. Let’s connect on the best RMD strategy for your situation.
MONEY.USNEWS.COM
Start Planning for Your 2021 RMDs Now
Get the personalized advice you need to envision and build a confident financial future.
Even the most successful professionals benefit from professional financial advice. Let’s talk.
What’s next for the U.S. economy? Chief Economist Russell Price discusses a possible summer economic surge, inflation pressure and lower unemployment this year.
What’s the stock market outlook this year? Chief Market Strategist David Joy summarizes what to watch in equities, including corporate earnings potential, anticipated returns, regional weighting and global trade prospects.
Recent market activity reflects new dynamics. Chief Market Strategist David Joy sums up prices, Q4 earnings and a potential stimulus package.
NEWSROOM.AMERIPRISE.COM
The Market Moving Power of Social Media and Commission Free Trading | Ameriprise Newsroom
From family to taxes, there are numerous factors to consider when planning where to live in retirement. What’s at the top of your location wish list?
MONEY.USNEWS.COM
The Most Tax-Friendly States to Retire
It’s appropriate that National Time Management Month is the shortest month of the year. This February, let’s find time to talk.
This #blackhistorymonth, we remember 2021 as the 60th anniversary of the Freedom Riders, black and white activists who helped end segregation. Who inspires you?
While kids can learn many beneficial financial lessons from their parents, they can also absorb negative ones. Consider these common family money mistakes and how to avoid them.
HUFFPOST.COM
12 Money Mistakes You're Teaching Your Kids
Here’s a list of important tax deadlines for 2021. Bookmark this page now to reference this tax season.
AMERIPRISE.COM
Important upcoming retirement account and tax filing dates
From Monopoly to Financial Football, these online and board games can help teach your kids basic money management. What games would you add to the list?
CNBC.COM
Want a fun way to teach your kids about money? Try these games
“Sometimes truth is costly but not nearly as costly as deception.” - Beth Moore, Living Proof Ministries
A new administration and its policy priorities could have an impact your finances. Let’s schedule time to review your portfolio and ensure you’re set up for success – no matter what a changing political landscape might bring.
FORBES.COM
How President Joe Biden Will Impact Your Personal Finances
Recent market activity reflects new dynamics. Chief Market Strategist David Joy sums up prices, Q4 earnings and a potential stimulus package.
NEWSROOM.AMERIPRISE.COM
The Market Moving Power of Social Media and Commission Free Trading | Ameriprise Newsroom
From family to taxes, there are numerous factors to consider when planning where to live in retirement. What’s at the top of your location wish list?
MONEY.USNEWS.COM
The Most Tax-Friendly States to Retire
It’s appropriate that National Time Management Month is the shortest month of the year. This February, let’s find time to talk.
Wishing you a lovely Valentine’s Day!
Did you know that the SECURE Act made changes that may impact your legacy plans? Let’s review your accounts to make sure your beneficiary designations reflect your wishes.
U.S. stocks roared to a record high as COVID-19 infections slow and investor anxiety drops. Chief Market Strategist David Joy discusses key drivers.
NEWSROOM.AMERIPRISE.COM
U.S. Equities Bounce Higher on Rising Prospect of Stimulus | Ameriprise Newsroom
A workplace retirement plan can be good for saving, but getting money out when you need it can be challenging. Let’s look at all your options.
From Monopoly to Financial Football, these online and board games can help teach your kids basic money management. What games would you add to the list?
CNBC.COM
Want a fun way to teach your kids about money? Try these games
“Sometimes truth is costly but not nearly as costly as deception.” - Beth Moore, Living Proof Ministries
Many Americans aren’t saving enough for retirement. Consider these three strategies to maximize your savings plan.
USATODAY.COM
Balance is key: 3 ways to get your retirement savings back on track
Global stock funds received record inflows last week. Chief Market Strategist David Joy discusses fiscal stimulus and elevated valuation risks.
NEWSROOM.AMERIPRISE.COM
Investors Can’t Ignore the Market’s Excess | Ameriprise Newsroom
Kindness and helping others are more important than ever. How do you plan to observe #randomactsofkindness day?
Wishing you a lovely Valentine’s Day!
Did you know that the SECURE Act made changes that may impact your legacy plans? Let’s review your accounts to make sure your beneficiary designations reflect your wishes.
U.S. stocks roared to a record high as COVID-19 infections slow and investor anxiety drops. Chief Market Strategist David Joy discusses key drivers.
NEWSROOM.AMERIPRISE.COM
U.S. Equities Bounce Higher on Rising Prospect of Stimulus | Ameriprise Newsroom
To start increasing your savings, review what you’re currently spending and consider options for cutting back. #AmericaSavesWeek
As the 10-year Treasury note yield has increased, so have expectations for GDP and inflation. Chief Market Strategist David Joy sums up key factors.
NEWSROOM.AMERIPRISE.COM
Should Investors Be Preparing for Inflation? | Ameriprise Newsroom
Many employers will match a certain amount of what you save in a retirement plan. If you don’t maximize the match, you're leaving money on the table. #AmericaSavesWeek
During #AmericaSavesWeek, take a minute to reflect on all you’ve saved for. What’s your next financial savings goal?
Reserve one day a week for free family fun. Cook at home and plan free activities like a game or movie night. #AmericaSavesWeek
The possibility of needing long-term care is a real financial issue, not just for you but for your family too. Let’s talk about your plan.
Help your employees manage their money – don’t let it manage them. I can provide resources ranging from personal budgeting tools to saving strategies for long-term goals. Contact me today for help developing a #financialwellness plan.
An emergency fund can cover expenses you don’t plan for. Let’s work together and determine how much money you should set aside. #AmericaSavesWeek
To start increasing your savings, review what you’re currently spending and consider options for cutting back. #AmericaSavesWeek
As the 10-year Treasury note yield has increased, so have expectations for GDP and inflation. Chief Market Strategist David Joy sums up key factors.
NEWSROOM.AMERIPRISE.COM
Should Investors Be Preparing for Inflation? | Ameriprise Newsroom
Bond market volatility remains elevated. Chief Market Strategist David Joy summarizes investors’ concerns behind stock market reactions.
NEWSROOM.AMERIPRISE.COM
Markets Try to Digest Rising Bond Yields, Inflation, Fed Policy and More Stimulus | Ameriprise Newsroom
One of a kind financial advice for your one of a kind financial goals.
Productive financial conversations with family start with a thoughtful plan. When you’re ready to start the conversation, let’s talk about your estate planning goals and the legacy you hope to leave.
MONEY.USNEWS.COM
Discussing Your Estate Plan With Your Children Is Critical. Here's How to Start
Bond yields increased for the fourth straight week. Chief Market Strategist David Joy discusses implications for stock prices.
NEWSROOM.AMERIPRISE.COM
Investors Keeping a Watchful Eye on Rising Bond Yields | Ameriprise Newsroom
Help your employees manage their money – don’t let it manage them. I can provide resources ranging from personal budgeting tools to saving strategies for long-term goals. Contact me today for help developing a #financialwellness plan.
An emergency fund can cover expenses you don’t plan for. Let’s work together and determine how much money you should set aside. #AmericaSavesWeek
With COVID-19 vaccination rates rising, new infections and hospitalizations are on the decline. Further improvement in virus conditions should accelerate consumer activity in the months ahead. #AmeripriseResearch
Together, we can work to envision your ideal financial future – and build it.
Financial advice is not one-size-fits-all – especially across different ages and stages of life. In this article, Marcy Keckler, Ameriprise Vice President of Financial Advice Strategy, and other experts share recommendations for each generation.
GOBANKINGRATES.COM
The Top Money Moves To Make for Each Generation
Sustainable funds accounted for about a fourth of the money that flowed into all U.S. stock and bond mutual funds last year, according to Morningstar. If you’re interested in adding environmental, social, or governance investments to your portfolio, let’s discuss.
CNBC.COM
Money invested in ESG funds more than doubles in a year
Vacation time has monetary value. Learn what your PTO is worth and how to make the most of your benefits.
REALSIMPLE.COM
How Much Is Your Paid Time Off Really Worth? Here’s How to Find Out
Bond market volatility remains elevated. Chief Market Strategist David Joy summarizes investors’ concerns behind stock market reactions.
NEWSROOM.AMERIPRISE.COM
Markets Try to Digest Rising Bond Yields, Inflation, Fed Policy and More Stimulus | Ameriprise Newsroom
Interest rates are expected to stay at historic lows, making bonds less attractive. But stocks can be more volatile. Let’s talk about ways to stay invested while adding some protections from stock market drops.
From health care to hobbies, spending habits can change in retirement. Together, we can review your portfolio and determine how much you need to save for a fulfilling retirement.
KIPLINGER.COM
10 Things You'll Spend More on in Retirement | Kiplinger
Stock market declines are a natural—and often unnerving—part of investing, but there are ways you can stay invested with some protections. Let’s talk about ways to add confidence to your retirement planning.
You’ve worked hard and saved for retirement, but how do you know your savings will last? Let’s talk about solutions that can help you make sure your money will last as long as you need it.
Yield on the U.S. 10-year Treasury note reached its highest level since January 2020. Chief Market Strategist David Joy explains what stocks expect.
NEWSROOM.AMERIPRISE.COM
Stocks Take the Rise in Bond Yields in Stride | Ameriprise Newsroom
Spring has sprung! What are you hoping to accomplish this season?
The 10-year U.S. Treasury yield is back to one-year highs. A continued bump up in rates, especially if the pace remains aggressive, could keep stock volatility higher than average and put short term pressure on Growth/Tech stocks. #AmeripriseResearch
Bond-yield adjustments continue while expectations are rising for revenue and earnings growth. Chief Market Strategist David Joy sums up conditions.
NEWSROOM.AMERIPRISE.COM
On the Cusp of An Economic Boom: What Does it Mean for Investors? | Ameriprise Newsroom
Pandemic legislation, such as the CARES Act and Families First Coronavirus Response Act, include potential tax breaks for people who are self-employed. Let’s have a conversation with your tax professional about what you can do before you file.
MARKETWATCH.COM
If you’re self-employed, don’t file your taxes without taking advantage of these two new tax breaks
Interest rates are expected to stay at historic lows, making bonds less attractive. But stocks can be more volatile. Let’s talk about ways to stay invested while adding some protections from stock market drops.
From health care to hobbies, spending habits can change in retirement. Together, we can review your portfolio and determine how much you need to save for a fulfilling retirement.
KIPLINGER.COM
10 Things You'll Spend More on in Retirement | Kiplinger
Stock market declines are a natural—and often unnerving—part of investing, but there are ways you can stay invested with some protections. Let’s talk about ways to add confidence to your retirement planning.
