S

Steven A. Bernstein, DPM FACFAS

(on lemoine avenue ste)
Doctors in Fort Lee, NJ
Doctors

Hours

Monday
8:30AM - 5:00PM
Tuesday
8:30AM - 5:00PM
Wednesday
8:30AM - 5:00PM
Thursday
8:30AM - 5:00PM
Friday
8:30AM - 5:00PM
Saturday
Closed
Sunday
Closed

Location

1608 Lemoine Avenue Ste 205
Fort Lee, NJ
07024

About

Your feet are the foundation of your body. Foot conditions can seriously impact your mobility and your quality of life, but our surgeons can help get you back on the move again! Specializing in all foot and ankle surgeries, revisional surgeries, and sports injury surgeries.

Latest

What exactly is Rheumatism? Read about it here: https://bit.ly/2wT6Ly8 NEWS-MEDICAL.NET What is Rheumatism?
Sever's Disease is a condition that affects children going through puberty. The heel bone starts to grow at a faster rate than the tendons, creating discomfort and pain. https://bit.ly/3by5T0o
Dr. Steven A. Bernstein DPM FACFAS wishes you a good Yom Kippur!
When the arteries connected to your lower extremities harden, blood can't flow properly. This results in Peripheral Arterial Disease. https://bit.ly/2UMYPGv IPFH.ORG Peripheral Arterial Disease | Institute for Preventive Foothealth (IPFH)
The plantar fascia is a tissue that connects the heel bones to the toes. When a patient has plantar fasciitis, this area becomes inflamed. You'll experience an immense burning sensation in the foot. https://bit.ly/2xDtBdi IPFH.ORG Plantar Fasciitis | Institute for Preventive Foothealth (IPFH)
Dr. Steven A. Bernstein DPM FACFAS wishes you a happy Rosh Hashanah!
Make sure you choose the right shoes for you, your feet will thank you! https://bit.ly/3dL91YK AFACC.NET The Right Shoes For You | Advanced Foot & Ankle
Happy Columbus Day!
Happy Columbus Day!
Neuropathy is damage to the nerves that create numbness in your extremities, including your feet. It is a common condition for people with diabetes. https://bit.ly/39yLtmx IPFH.ORG Neuropathy / Numbness | Institute for Preventive Foothealth (IPFH)
Are you a runner with flat feet? Take a look at these tips to make your workout more comfortable: https://bit.ly/2WVxAfM AFACC.NET Best Flat Feet Running Tips | Advanced Foot & Ankle
Here are ten tips that will help you keep your feet from hurting. http://bit.ly/2HkMNyZ FOOT.COM 10 Tips On How To Keep Your Feet From Aching - Foot.com
Find out why you might be experiencing itchy feet. http://bit.ly/2EMiiiS FOOT.COM Possible Causes Of Itchy Feet - Foot.com
Custom orthotics might be the key to staying active. http://bit.ly/2EJ9iL9 FOOT.COM The Benefits Of Using Shoe Orthotics - Foot.com
Have a spooky and safe Halloween!
For optimal foot health, practice protecting the three layers of the skin: the outer layers, the inner layers, and the fat pads. http://bit.ly/36vBXjG
It's common for expecting mothers to notice changes to their feet. These include swelling and pain. Here are a few tips to manage your symptoms. http://bit.ly/2sXx8kp FOOT.COM Caring For Pregnant Feet - Foot.com
Only by taking good care of your feet can you guarantee a higher quality of life and regular physical activity. http://bit.ly/2QvHMIg
Posterior Tibial Tendon Dysfunction is also known as an adult acquired flatfoot. Inflammation damages the arch, causing it to collapse. https://bit.ly/3bDjO5q IPFH.ORG Posterior Tibial Tendon Dysfunction | Institute for Preventive Foothealth (IPFH)
Dr. Steven A. Bernstein DPM FACFAS wishes you a happy and safe Diwali!
Dr. Steven A. Bernstein DPM FACFAS wishes you a happy and safe Diwali!
While there is a genetic link to why some people develop bunions more than others, you can also get them from certain health conditions, daily activities, and ill-fitting footwear. https://bit.ly/2X04hIN NEWS-MEDICAL.NET Causes of Bunions
Happy Veteran's Day to all those who have served or currently serve our country!
Happy Veteran's Day to all those who have served or currently serve our country!
With the extra load of their baby, many pregnant women experience foot pain. https://bit.ly/3dNpoEo NEWS-MEDICAL.NET Foot Conditions and Pregnancy
Those who are diabetic are more susceptible to foot problems due to poor circulation. https://bit.ly/2X1oONo NEWS-MEDICAL.NET Diabetic Foot Problems
Unfortunately, there are a lot of causes of foot pain. If you are ever unsure of how serious your foot problem is, please reach out to our office! https://bit.ly/2yj1EHM NEWS-MEDICAL.NET Causes of Foot Pain
Patients with mallet toe experience often report symptoms of pain and inflammation associated with the callosity or nail deformity. https://bit.ly/3dNqdwM
Dr. Steven A. Bernstein DPM FACFAS would like to wish you all a happy and safe Thanksgiving!
Dr. Steven A. Bernstein DPM FACFAS would like to wish you all a happy and safe Thanksgiving!
Rheumatoid Arthritis, or RA, commonly affects joints of the hands, feet, and wrists. However, RA can affect other parts of the body as well. https://bit.ly/2R1im5a NEWS-MEDICAL.NET What is Rheumatoid Arthritis?
Living with foot pain isn't easy, but there are some things you can do in your everyday life that can make it better. https://bit.ly/2R5ym6e
Are you suffering from Metatarsalgia? https://bit.ly/2R27cwZ NEWS-MEDICAL.NET Metatarsalgia Causes
Athlete’s foot is caused by a fungal infection between the toes. As the name suggests, people who consistently exercise have an increased chance of developing athlete's foot. https://bit.ly/2yi3WH9
Does your child have a flexible or rigid flat foot? Read on here: https://bit.ly/2wKMTNP NEWS-MEDICAL.NET Flexible vs Rigid Flat Foot
Did you know that what you eat can affect the health of your feet? It's true! Read more here: https://www.everydayhealth.com/foot-health/nutrition-and-your-feet.aspx EVERYDAYHEALTH.COM How Nutrition Can Affect Your Feet | Everyday Health
Poor shoes and dry winter weather are just some of the many causes of cracked heels. Discover the tips and tricks to prevent this issue: https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/316572 MEDICALNEWSTODAY.COM 6 fixes for cracked heels
Your feet take a pounding every day. Help them go the distance by identifying and correcting issues ranging from corns and calluses to athlete's foot and hammertoes. https://www.everydayhealth.com/foot-health-pictures/common-foot-problems.aspx EVERYDAYHEALTH.COM 10 Common Foot Problems and How to Manage Them | Everyday Health
Do you have a bump on your foot? This type of bump on the top of your foot may be a result of an injury. Here are other causes for this foot condition: https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/bump-on-top-of-foot MEDICALNEWSTODAY.COM Bump on top of foot: Causes, diagnosis, and treatment
Dr. Steven A. Bernstein DPM FACFAS wishes you a happy Kwanzaa!
Dr. Steven A. Bernstein DPM FACFAS wishes you a happy Kwanzaa!
If you have overpronation or flat feet, it's important to wear proper shoes and practice good exercise. Here's everything you need to know about overpronation: https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/320383#outlook MEDICALNEWSTODAY.COM Overpronation: Causes, treatment, and exercises
Dr. Steven A. Bernstein DPM FACFAS wishes you a very Merry Christmas!
Dr. Steven A. Bernstein DPM FACFAS wants to wish you a happy and safe Christmas!
Yes, gout can happen in your big toe. Here's everything you need to know about the foot condition: https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/gout-in-big-toe MEDICALNEWSTODAY.COM Gout in big toe: How to identify, causes, and treatment
Dr. Steven A. Bernstein DPM FACFAS wishes you a fun and safe New Year!
Do you have hot feet when you sleep? There are a number of causes for this condition. Learn more about common remedies and when you should visit your podiatrist. https://www.healthline.com/health/how-to-cool-down-hot-feet-at-night HEALTHLINE.COM How to Cool Down Hot Feet at Night: Home Remedies to Try
If you have diabetes, you should watch out for nerve pain in the foot. Here are other causes of nerve pain: https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/nerve-pain-in-foot#treatment MEDICALNEWSTODAY.COM Nerve pain in the foot: Symptoms, causes, treatment, and more
Gout is a form of arthritis that affects the lower joints of the body including the feet, knees, and hands. Here's everything you need to know about this common foot health condition: https://www.apma.org/gout APMA.ORG Gout | Foot Health | Patients | APMA
Technology has changed the world we live in and every industry, including the podiatric world. Here are the top 10 innovations in podiatry today. https://www.podiatrytoday.com/top-10-innovations-podiatry PODIATRYTODAY.COM The Top 10 Innovations In Podiatry
Do you have numbness in your big toe? There are a number of causes for this. Find out when you should visit your podiatrist. https://www.healthline.com/health/big-toe-is-numb-on-one-side#see-a-doctor HEALTHLINE.COM Why Is My Big Toe Numb on One Side? Possible Causes and Treatment
Happy Martin Luther King Jr. Day!
Cuboid syndrome is a condition caused by an injury to the joints and ligaments surrounding the cuboid bone. The cuboid bone is one of the seven tarsal bones in the foot. https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/321626 MEDICALNEWSTODAY.COM Cuboid syndrome: What it is, treatment, and recovery
If you have diabetes, make sure to take good care of your feet. People with diabetes are more prone to foot issues such as nerve damage and unhealed cuts. https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/library/features/healthy-feet.html CDC.GOV Diabetes and Your Feet
Do you have numbness in your big toe? There are a number of causes for this. Find out when you should visit your podiatrist. https://www.healthline.com/health/big-toe-is-numb-on-one-side#see-a-doctor HEALTHLINE.COM Why Is My Big Toe Numb on One Side? Possible Causes and Treatment
Happy Martin Luther King Jr. Day!
Podiatrists have seen a rise in health problems for diabetic patients this year. Due to fears of COVID-19, many patients canceled their appointments and were unable to get preventative care. Here are a few tips to stay safe during the pandemic: https://bit.ly/2LktJVE APMA.ORG Diabetes Awareness | APMA
If something goes wrong with the feet, it is often a sign of a more serious problem. Find out what your feet say about the health of the rest of your body. https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/310678 MEDICALNEWSTODAY.COM Are my feet killing me?
Cuboid syndrome is a condition caused by an injury to the joints and ligaments surrounding the cuboid bone. The cuboid bone is one of the seven tarsal bones in the foot. https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/321626 MEDICALNEWSTODAY.COM Cuboid syndrome: What it is, treatment, and recovery
If you have diabetes, make sure to take good care of your feet. People with diabetes are more prone to foot issues such as nerve damage and unhealed cuts. https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/library/features/healthy-feet.html CDC.GOV Diabetes and Your Feet
Do you have numbness in your big toe? There are a number of causes for this. Find out when you should visit your podiatrist. https://www.healthline.com/health/big-toe-is-numb-on-one-side#see-a-doctor HEALTHLINE.COM Why Is My Big Toe Numb on One Side? Possible Causes and Treatment
Happy Martin Luther King Jr. Day!
Damaged toenails are more common than you think. Whether you stubbed your toe or had an injury, your toenail can be easily damaged. Here's how to safely remove a damaged toenail: https://www.healthline.com/health/how-to-remove-a-toenail HEALTHLINE.COM How to Safely Remove a Damaged Toenail
Podiatrists have seen a rise in health problems for diabetic patients this year. Due to fears of COVID-19, many patients canceled their appointments and were unable to get preventative care. Here are a few tips to stay safe during the pandemic: https://bit.ly/2LktJVE APMA.ORG Diabetes Awareness | APMA
If something goes wrong with the feet, it is often a sign of a more serious problem. Find out what your feet say about the health of the rest of your body. https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/310678 MEDICALNEWSTODAY.COM Are my feet killing me?
Cuboid syndrome is a condition caused by an injury to the joints and ligaments surrounding the cuboid bone. The cuboid bone is one of the seven tarsal bones in the foot. https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/321626 MEDICALNEWSTODAY.COM Cuboid syndrome: What it is, treatment, and recovery
If you have diabetes, make sure to take good care of your feet. People with diabetes are more prone to foot issues such as nerve damage and unhealed cuts. https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/library/features/healthy-feet.html CDC.GOV Diabetes and Your Feet
Do you have numbness in your big toe? There are a number of causes for this. Find out when you should visit your podiatrist. https://www.healthline.com/health/big-toe-is-numb-on-one-side#see-a-doctor HEALTHLINE.COM Why Is My Big Toe Numb on One Side? Possible Causes and Treatment
Happy Valentine's Day!
Does your child have flat feet? Here's everything you need to know about this foot condition: https://familydoctor.org/condition/flat-feet/ FAMILYDOCTOR.ORG Flat Feet - familydoctor.org
A Jones fracture refers to a break between the base and shaft of the fifth metatarsal bone of the foot. The fifth metatarsal is the long bone on the outside of the foot that connects to the smallest toe. https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/315039 MEDICALNEWSTODAY.COM Jones fracture: Causes, symptoms, and treatment
Damaged toenails are more common than you think. Whether you stubbed your toe or had an injury, your toenail can be easily damaged. Here's how to safely remove a damaged toenail: https://www.healthline.com/health/how-to-remove-a-toenail HEALTHLINE.COM How to Safely Remove a Damaged Toenail
Podiatrists have seen a rise in health problems for diabetic patients this year. Due to fears of COVID-19, many patients canceled their appointments and were unable to get preventative care. Here are a few tips to stay safe during the pandemic: https://bit.ly/2LktJVE APMA.ORG Diabetes Awareness | APMA
If something goes wrong with the feet, it is often a sign of a more serious problem. Find out what your feet say about the health of the rest of your body. https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/310678 MEDICALNEWSTODAY.COM Are my feet killing me?
Winter is here and it's time to develop a routine for healthy feet. Here are four tips for this season: https://www.foothealthfacts.org/article/four-tips-for-healthy-winter-feet FOOTHEALTHFACTS.ORG Four Tips for Healthy Winter Feet - Foot Health Facts
Clubfoot refers to a condition in which a newborn’s foot or feet appear to be rotated internally at the ankle. https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/183991 MEDICALNEWSTODAY.COM Clubfoot: Causes and treatments
Dr. Steven A. Bernstein DPM FACFAS wishes you a safe President's Day!
Happy Valentine's Day!
Does your child have flat feet? Here's everything you need to know about this foot condition: https://familydoctor.org/condition/flat-feet/ FAMILYDOCTOR.ORG Flat Feet - familydoctor.org
A Jones fracture refers to a break between the base and shaft of the fifth metatarsal bone of the foot. The fifth metatarsal is the long bone on the outside of the foot that connects to the smallest toe. https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/315039 MEDICALNEWSTODAY.COM Jones fracture: Causes, symptoms, and treatment
Blisters are fluid-filled pockets that develop in the top layer of the skin in response to injury or infection. Blisters usually occur over damaged areas to cushion them from further harm. https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/319878 MEDICALNEWSTODAY.COM Blisters on the feet: Causes, treatment, and prevention
Winter is here and it's time to develop a routine for healthy feet. Here are four tips for this season: https://www.foothealthfacts.org/article/four-tips-for-healthy-winter-feet FOOTHEALTHFACTS.ORG Four Tips for Healthy Winter Feet - Foot Health Facts
Clubfoot refers to a condition in which a newborn’s foot or feet appear to be rotated internally at the ankle. https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/183991 MEDICALNEWSTODAY.COM Clubfoot: Causes and treatments
Dr. Steven A. Bernstein DPM FACFAS wishes you a safe President's Day!
Happy Valentine's Day!
Does your child have flat feet? Here's everything you need to know about this foot condition: https://familydoctor.org/condition/flat-feet/ FAMILYDOCTOR.ORG Flat Feet - familydoctor.org
Metatarsalgia is a painful condition that affects the ball of the foot. The metatarsals are bones that connect the toes to the ankles. https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/190431#_noHeaderPrefixedContent MEDICALNEWSTODAY.COM Metatarsalgia: Treatment, causes, and symptoms
Hammer toe is the most common deformity of the second, third, or fourth toe. It is often caused by wearing narrow shoes with little to no arch support. https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/315600 MEDICALNEWSTODAY.COM Hammer toe: Causes, symptoms, and treatment
Blisters are fluid-filled pockets that develop in the top layer of the skin in response to injury or infection. Blisters usually occur over damaged areas to cushion them from further harm. https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/319878 MEDICALNEWSTODAY.COM Blisters on the feet: Causes, treatment, and prevention
Winter is here and it's time to develop a routine for healthy feet. Here are four tips for this season: https://www.foothealthfacts.org/article/four-tips-for-healthy-winter-feet FOOTHEALTHFACTS.ORG Four Tips for Healthy Winter Feet - Foot Health Facts
Clubfoot refers to a condition in which a newborn’s foot or feet appear to be rotated internally at the ankle. https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/183991 MEDICALNEWSTODAY.COM Clubfoot: Causes and treatments
Dr. Steven A. Bernstein DPM FACFAS wishes you a safe President's Day!
Walking, running, and jumping can put a lot of pressure on the feet. Although the feet are sturdy and can handle large amounts of force, the pressure can build, and heel pain can develop. https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/312381 MEDICALNEWSTODAY.COM Heel pain or plantar fasciitis: Treatment, exercises, and causes
Many people experience foot or ankle pain at some point. By keeping the feet strong, a person can alleviate soreness, and improve overall health and flexibility. https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/320964 MEDICALNEWSTODAY.COM 9 foot exercises: Strengthening, flexibility, and pain relief
Metatarsalgia is a painful condition that affects the ball of the foot. The metatarsals are bones that connect the toes to the ankles. https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/190431#_noHeaderPrefixedContent MEDICALNEWSTODAY.COM Metatarsalgia: Treatment, causes, and symptoms
Hammer toe is the most common deformity of the second, third, or fourth toe. It is often caused by wearing narrow shoes with little to no arch support. https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/315600 MEDICALNEWSTODAY.COM Hammer toe: Causes, symptoms, and treatment
Blisters are fluid-filled pockets that develop in the top layer of the skin in response to injury or infection. Blisters usually occur over damaged areas to cushion them from further harm. https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/319878 MEDICALNEWSTODAY.COM Blisters on the feet: Causes, treatment, and prevention
Winter is here and it's time to develop a routine for healthy feet. Here are four tips for this season: https://www.foothealthfacts.org/article/four-tips-for-healthy-winter-feet FOOTHEALTHFACTS.ORG Four Tips for Healthy Winter Feet - Foot Health Facts
A heel spur is a condition where a calcium deposit grows between the heel and arch of the foot. What are the symptoms of heel spurs and what increases a person’s risk of developing them? https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/320411 MEDICALNEWSTODAY.COM Heel spurs: Symptoms, risk factors, and treatment
Walking, running, and jumping can put a lot of pressure on the feet. Although the feet are sturdy and can handle large amounts of force, the pressure can build, and heel pain can develop. https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/312381 MEDICALNEWSTODAY.COM Heel pain or plantar fasciitis: Treatment, exercises, and causes
Many people experience foot or ankle pain at some point. By keeping the feet strong, a person can alleviate soreness, and improve overall health and flexibility. https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/320964 MEDICALNEWSTODAY.COM 9 foot exercises: Strengthening, flexibility, and pain relief
Metatarsalgia is a painful condition that affects the ball of the foot. The metatarsals are bones that connect the toes to the ankles. https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/190431#_noHeaderPrefixedContent MEDICALNEWSTODAY.COM Metatarsalgia: Treatment, causes, and symptoms
Hammer toe is the most common deformity of the second, third, or fourth toe. It is often caused by wearing narrow shoes with little to no arch support. https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/315600 MEDICALNEWSTODAY.COM Hammer toe: Causes, symptoms, and treatment
Blisters are fluid-filled pockets that develop in the top layer of the skin in response to injury or infection. Blisters usually occur over damaged areas to cushion them from further harm. https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/319878 MEDICALNEWSTODAY.COM Blisters on the feet: Causes, treatment, and prevention
Corns and calluses are hard, painful areas of skin that often develop on the feet in response to pressure or friction. https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/172459 MEDICALNEWSTODAY.COM Corns and calluses: What's the difference and how can I treat them?
Happy St. Patrick's Day!
Tarsal tunnel syndrome occurs when the posterior tibial nerve, which runs along the inside of the ankle and foot, becomes compressed and damaged, causing inflammation. https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/320754 MEDICALNEWSTODAY.COM Tarsal tunnel syndrome: Treatment, exercises, and complications
A heel spur is a condition where a calcium deposit grows between the heel and arch of the foot. What are the symptoms of heel spurs and what increases a person’s risk of developing them? https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/320411 MEDICALNEWSTODAY.COM Heel spurs: Symptoms, risk factors, and treatment
Walking, running, and jumping can put a lot of pressure on the feet. Although the feet are sturdy and can handle large amounts of force, the pressure can build, and heel pain can develop. https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/312381 MEDICALNEWSTODAY.COM Heel pain or plantar fasciitis: Treatment, exercises, and causes
Many people experience foot or ankle pain at some point. By keeping the feet strong, a person can alleviate soreness, and improve overall health and flexibility. https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/320964 MEDICALNEWSTODAY.COM 9 foot exercises: Strengthening, flexibility, and pain relief
Peeling feet have several potential causes. Foot injuries, dry skin, and athlete’s foot, among other conditions, can all cause peeling skin on the feet. https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/peeling-feet MEDICALNEWSTODAY.COM Peeling feet: Causes, treatments, and remedies
Ankle fractures can be serious very quickly. Learn more if your fracture needs attention right away: https://bit.ly/3l0SCnj FOOTHEALTHFACTS.ORG Ankle Fractures - Foot Health Facts - Foot Health Facts
Corns and calluses are hard, painful areas of skin that often develop on the feet in response to pressure or friction. https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/172459 MEDICALNEWSTODAY.COM Corns and calluses: What's the difference and how can I treat them?
Happy St. Patrick's Day!
Tarsal tunnel syndrome occurs when the posterior tibial nerve, which runs along the inside of the ankle and foot, becomes compressed and damaged, causing inflammation. https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/320754 MEDICALNEWSTODAY.COM Tarsal tunnel syndrome: Treatment, exercises, and complications
A heel spur is a condition where a calcium deposit grows between the heel and arch of the foot. What are the symptoms of heel spurs and what increases a person’s risk of developing them? https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/320411 MEDICALNEWSTODAY.COM Heel spurs: Symptoms, risk factors, and treatment

Information

Company name
Steven A. Bernstein, DPM FACFAS
Category
Doctors

FAQs

  • What is the phone number for Steven A. Bernstein, DPM FACFAS in Fort Lee NJ?
    You can reach them at: 201-482-8236. It’s best to call Steven A. Bernstein, DPM FACFAS during business hours.
  • What is the address for Steven A. Bernstein, DPM FACFAS on lemoine avenue ste in Fort Lee?
    Steven A. Bernstein, DPM FACFAS is located at this address: 1608 Lemoine Avenue Ste 205 Fort Lee, NJ 07024.
  • What are Steven A. Bernstein, DPM FACFAS(Fort Lee, NJ) store hours?
    Steven A. Bernstein, DPM FACFAS store hours are as follows: Mon-Fri: 8:30AM - 5:00PM, Sat-Sun: Closed.